Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition that can lead to the loss of central vision. This condition affects the macula, a part of the retina that is responsible for central vision, and causes it to deteriorate. Although it is more commonly seen in individuals aged 50 or older, it can occur earlier in life as well.
There are two types of AMD: dry and wet.
Dry AMD occurs due to the thinning of parts of the macula over time and the growth of tiny clumps of protein (drusen). Wet AMD occurs when new, abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak blood or other fluids, leading to scarring of the macula.
Risk Factors for AMD.
It is important to have regular vision checks to detect early signs of AMD. Several factors increase the risk of developing AMD, including:
- a diet high in saturated fat
- being overweight,
- smoking
- hypertension
- family history of AMD
- heart disease
- high cholesterol levels.
During an eye exam, one of our optometrists will use tools to diagnose AMD, such as an Amsler grid and an Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).
Treatment.
Dry AMD: Currently, there is no way to treat dry AMD, but those with lots of drusen or serious vision loss might benefit from taking a certain combination of nutritional supplements. Eating eye-healthy foods like dark leafy greens, vegetables, fish, and a balanced, nutrient-rich diet may be beneficial for individuals with AMD.
Wet AMD: To treat wet AMD, anti-VEGF drugs are used to reduce the number of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and slow down any leaking from blood vessels. Laser surgery may also be used to treat some types of wet AMD.
For individuals with AMD, vision aids can help them adapt to their changing vision and use techniques and devices to maximize their remaining vision.
What you can do.
Regular vision checks and a healthy lifestyle can help prevent or slow the progression of AMD. If you have AMD, there are treatment options available, and low-vision aids can help you make the most of your remaining vision.
Get your eyes checked today.
